How did the arms of spiral galaxies form? About 70% of nearby galaxies have a central bulge or a bar from which a disk of spiral arms emerge. Some early galaxies are just beginning to form a bar, as in the fourth galaxy from the left that has already formed its spiral structure, from one end of a newly forming bar.
Scientists claim that stars accreted from gas that aggregated into galaxies. Allegedly, density waves caused the spiral arms. Density waves are supposed to be like a traffic jam around a freeway on-ramp. The traffic jam stays in place but cars return to normal speed after passing the traffic jam. Scientists claim stars orbit the core of a galaxy in a direction opposite to the sweep of the spiral arms. Supposedly, the spiral arms are NOT roads along which the stars are traveling outward.
Scientific stories of beginnings often rely on untested assumptions. This is why they often populate the universe with vast amounts of magical, undetectable things, trying to make reality fit their premises. The universe is so vast that we can see (with telescopes) cosmic history at many ranges in billions of galaxies. If we accept what is visible as real, we arrive at a much different cosmology than scientists do.
Right click on the above image, select open in another tab and tab over to look at the higher resolution image. In the above picture, the four left frames show early galaxies from the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF). The right frame is a local spiral that takes up tens of thousands of times more viewing area than the dim, distant galaxies. Notice that the arms in the local galaxy have rotated around more and spread out more.
The first (left) frame shows HUDF 4491 with its red core. (Colors are relative, since many of the galaxies in the HUDF shine in infrared). We observe a string of equally spaced (relatively) blue star globs emerging in a single file from the core. This is early stage of a spiral arm. The light from this ancient galaxy shines at 48% of the frequencies emitted by modern matter.
The second frame shows HUDF 8180 – a round, reddish core with two tails of blue and white star globs. The light from this early spiral shines at 63% of the frequencies emitted by modern atoms.
The third frame shows HUDF 9123 – a white core with a string of blue star globs emerging and bending around the core. The light from this spiral shines at 83% of the frequencies emitted by modern atoms.
The fourth frame shows HUDF 3031 with two granular spiral arms emerging from one end of a bar. The two arms have rotated around half a turn. A child-galaxy at the end of one arm shines at 56% while the main galaxy shines at 41% of the frequencies emitted by modern atoms.
The fifth frame shows galaxy M51 in ultra violet from the GALEX space telescope. We observe M51 as it was in a later era than HUDF 3031 so we see how this galaxy may have changed. Both galaxies have clumps of blue stars, but M51′s arms are loaded with dust and have spiraled out more than a full turn. The blue dot at the end of M51′s arm is a baby galaxy similar to the child observed in HUDF 3031. One difference is that the light from M51 shines at more than twice the light frequencies emitted by HUDF 3031.
First God created everything: heavens and earth but the earth was formless, not extended in space. (Presumably the galaxies were also formless since the verb for creating the heavens and the earth shows completion in Genesis 1:1). Then Elohim’s wind dithered above the dark earth’s primordial surface as He continued to command light to continue to be. Evidently the dithering light began to give form and extension to the substances God created first.
Half way through the creation week, God continued to form the Sun, Moon and stars. He continued to make the luminaries into things that spread (Hebrew raqia). The luminaries were to serve for signs, appointments, days and years and to give light on the Earth. Several other passages tell us that God continues to spread out the plural heavens and to call the stars to come out in unbroken continuity. (Spreading out the plural heavens is not like the theory that the singular vacuum of space time spreads out out the vacuum of space).
We observe (at many ranges) how early galaxies were often formless, made of matter that shone at tiny fractions of the frequencies emitted by modern matter. We observe how pulsed jets came out of those ancient cores and spread out. We observe that the stars followed each other out in lanes, emerging one behind the other. We observe, contrary to the density wave theory, that the globs follow each other out in lanes, one behind the other, accelerating along the sweep of the arms. The emerging, accelerating stars continue to take up more volume as the arms of spiral galaxies continue to emerge and appear from things not seen (the point sources in the core of galaxies).
The visible history of the universe does not fit any scientific cosmologies. It only fits a literal biblical account of creation. Our ancestors claimed that the planets passed at close range and one was shattered in a nearby collision. Similar events are mentioned in the Bible. Evidently the Sun, Moon and stars are continuing to form and continuing to spread, exactly as in the literal version of creation. How great will be the triumph of the Word of God over science. What is wrong with science? It was founded upon the very idea the Bible predicted for the last days, the notion that all things remain the same.
The picture was assembled from NASA photos by the author. NASA material is in the public domain.